Bản mẫu:Graphical timeline
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The easy way
[sửa mã nguồn]Type {{include timeline}} in your article, press preview, and follow the link generated. You'll be presented with a ready-to-go template; once this is finished, return to your article, and { {include timeline} } will display your timeline.
Development
[sửa mã nguồn]Whilst I've tested this template as thoroughly as I can, I suspect it could be further improved. If you find any glitches or areas you wish you could customise, please let me know! Verisimilus T 12:02, 12 June 2007 (UTC)
Template function
[sửa mã nguồn]This template provides an intuitive, user-friendly and flexible way to insert timelines into articles. It's designed to require the minimum number of variables, and to reside within a table – although a margin can be added.
Why use this template?
[sửa mã nguồn]The alternative to this template is m:EasyTimeline, using the <template> syntax. EasyTimeline has the following weaknesses:
- Pixelated image produced, which looks different and increases page load time
- Long set-up time – taking 30 minutes plus even when you know what you are doing
- Impenetrable code requiring precise syntax
- Difficult to place bars exactly where you want them
- Changing minimum dates and sizes requires modification in many places
- Everything must be specified – nothing is automatic
- It is not scalable – it does not enlarge with text size.
Using the template
[sửa mã nguồn]Where to use it
[sửa mã nguồn]Whilst short timelines can be inserted directly into the article, some editors complain that long, complex timelines break up the flow of the page and make editing difficult. Therefore, you may want to use {{Include timeline}} to host the timeline code on a separate page, which will be automatically included.
Getting started
[sửa mã nguồn]You can set the switch |help=on in the template to produce some quick pointers.
When you are getting started, you might want to use {{Graphical timeline|help=on}} to generate a ready-made, empty template – or type {{subst:Graphical timeline/blank}} into a sandbox page, save the page, and edit the resulting code. Hopefully, the parameter names are pretty self-explanatory.
What numbers mean
[sửa mã nguồn]Numeric values are by default in units of em, that is, the height and width of a capital M.
The exception to this is the left and right parameters of a bar, which are set using fractional coordinates. That is to say, the code |bar1-left=0 |bar1-right=0.5 |bar2-left=0.666 |bar3-left=0.5 |bar3-right=0.666 will produce bar1 covering the left half of the area, bar2 covering the right-most third, and bar3 in between them. Further, for operational reasons, the height-units are always used to generate border widths.
Bar borders
[sửa mã nguồn]Borders appear only on the top and bottom of any given bar. Unfortunately, this cannot be changed – to have a border at the top or bottom only of a bar, you should create a separate bar to overlay the end.
Border style can be set to the CSS standards of solid, dotted, dashed, double, groove, ridge, inset or outset. Width is in the same units as height, and if none is specified 0.1 to 0.2 is a suitable hairline value.
Blank lines
[sửa mã nguồn]Leaving a parameter blank is NOT the same as not specifying it – it will override the template's default value. Be sure to remove any lines you do not specify.
Geological periods
[sửa mã nguồn]To draw a geological period, use the syntax |period3=Cenozoic, with |period3-left=0.1 as usual. The template will then calculate the beginning, end and correct color of the bar. For an example, see Bản mẫu:Cenozoic graphical timeline (liên kết nền sửa)
Considerations
[sửa mã nguồn]Browsers
[sửa mã nguồn]Unfortunately, different browsers have different ways of dealing with lines of text that overflow their container – some stretch the container whilst others wrap the text. This means it's probably worth checking your finished timeline in at least IE and Firefox if you are making a particularly complex timeline.
Colors
[sửa mã nguồn]If you are setting colors using html values that look like #e0b539, do consider that some older monitors, and many projectors, cannot display some colours. Sticking to Web-safe colors ensures maximum compatibility, which is often appreciated; i.e. multiples of 33, e.g. #ff99cc or #03C.
Capacity
[sửa mã nguồn]If you find that highly-numbered bars, notes or legend entries are not showing up, it could be because the template has not been coded to handle it. There are instructions in the template code for how to add capacity for more bars etc. yourself (it's a simple copy and paste job); if you are not confident doing that, let Verisimilus T know.
Easy editing
[sửa mã nguồn]If you create a timeline on a subpage, do use the | link-to= parameter. Specify the page name (e.g. Template:My graphical timeline), and "edit" and "history" links will appear.
Parameter list
[sửa mã nguồn]The list may be long, but do not be daunted – you only need to use a couple, and the rest give you infinite flexibility!
Replace any instance of # with a number.
To and from are mandatory, all other parameters are optional.
General parameters
[sửa mã nguồn]| Parameter | Function | Required? |
|---|---|---|
| from | The start date of the timeline. May be negative. | Có |
| to | The final (uppermost) date of the timeline. May be negative. | Có |
| width | width of the timeline | Không |
| title | What to display in the title bar | Không |
| title-colour | The background colour for the title bar | Không |
| instance-id | Suffix for generated ids to avoid clashes with another timeline | Không |
Geological periods
[sửa mã nguồn]| Parameter | Function |
|---|---|
| period# | Specify the name of the period; the template will automatically work out when it starts and ends, and colour it correctly. |
Bars
[sửa mã nguồn]| Parameter | Function |
|---|---|
| width | width of the timeline |
Legend
[sửa mã nguồn]| Parameter | Function |
|---|---|
| width | width of the timeline |
Notes
[sửa mã nguồn]| Parameter | Function |
|---|---|
| width | width of the timeline |
In use: an example
[sửa mã nguồn]The code on the left produces the timeline on the right, which is deliberately horrendous in order to demonstrate the limitations of the template. For a working example, I'd recommend looking at Ediacaran biota.
Ví dụ Dòng thời gian | ||||||||||
−550 — – −540 — – −530 — – −520 — – −510 — – −500 — |
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{{Graphical timeline
|title=Ví dụ Dòng thời gian
|align=right
|plot-colour=#bbeebb
|from=-550
|to=-500
|scale-increment=10
|width=10
|height=250
|height-unit=px
|legend1=[[Liên đại Hiển sinh|Hiển sinh]]
|bar1-from=-542
|bar1-left=0
|bar1-right=0.1
|legend2=[[Thời kỳ Tiền Cambri|Tiền Cambri]]
|bar2-to=-542
|bar2-left=0
|bar2-right=0.2
|legend3=[[Liên Cambri]]
|legend3-colour=#e0aacc
|bar3-to=-534
|bar3-left=0.1
|bar3-right=0.2
|bar3-colour=#e0aacc
|<!-- If this was bar 4 it would be overlapped by the Botomian bar -->
|bar14-from=-530
|bar14-to=-520
|bar14-left=0.95
|bar14-right=1.05
|bar14-colour=red
|legend14=Vụ nổ Cambri
|<!--Epochs & stages-->
|bar5-text=[[Kỷ Ediacara|Ediacara]]
|bar5-to=-540
|bar5-left=0.2
|bar5-border-width=1
|bar5-border-colour= #996666
|bar5-colour=#cc9999
|bar6-text=[[kỷ Cambri|Nemakit-Daldynia]]
|bar6-from=-542
|bar6-to=-534
|bar6-left=0.2
|bar6-border-width=0.1
|bar6-colour=#99cc99
|bar7-text=[[tầng 2 (kỷ Cambri)|Tommotia]]
|bar7-from=-534
|bar7-to=-530
|bar7-left=0.1
|bar7-colour=#99cc99
|bar7-border-width=0.1
|bar8-from=-530.1
|bar8-to=-529.9
|bar8-left=0.2
|bar8-colour=black
|bar9-text=[[tầng 3 (kỷ Cambri)|Atdabania]]
|bar9-from=-530
|bar9-to=-524
|bar9-left=0.1
|bar9-right=0.95
|bar9-colour=#99cc99
|bar10-text=[[tầng 4 (kỷ Cambri)|Botomia]]
|bar10-from=-524
|bar10-to=-518
|bar10-left=0.1
|bar10-colour=#99cc99
|bar10-border-width=0.1
|bar11-text=[[tầng 4 (kỷ Cambri)|Toyonia]]
|bar11-from=-518
|bar11-to=-513
|bar11-left=0.1
|bar11-border-width=0.1
|bar11-colour=#99cc99
|note1=Gốc kỷ Cambri
|note1-at=-542
|note1-colour=green
|note2=[[Cambri trung]]
|note2-nudge-left=8.5
|note2-nudge-down=0
|note2-at=-507
|note2-remove-arrow=yes
|caption=Một khoảng thời gian gần đúng của sự kiện<br />tại gốc [[kỷ (địa chất){{!}}kỷ]] [[kỷ Cambri|Cambri]].
<br />Tỉ lệ trục là triệu năm trước.
}}
Notes on the example
[sửa mã nguồn]{{!}}must be used wherever you want a | to appear (e.g. the caption)- If you do not specify when a bar should start or end, it will continue to the edge of the plot
- Text should not be too long for the bar
- The way that overflowing text wraps is also handled differently in the two borders – it pokes out of the right of the bar on Firefox, but is wrapped within it by IE. Try to manually enter newlines when required rather than relying on browsers to sort it out. Or position a note over the bar – check out note2, which is nudged left over the plot background.