Bản mẫu:Excerpt

Tài liệu bản mẫu[xem] [sửa] [lịch sử] [làm mới]

Bản mẫu này dùng để chép lại một đoạn của bài viết này (bài A) sang bài viết khác (bài B). Một số lợi ích của bản mẫu:

• Đỡ phải cập nhật nhiều lần bằng cách tự động cập nhật đoạn viết ở bài B nếu bài gốc (bài A) có nội dung được cập nhật.
• Cải thiện chất lượng nội dung bằng cách khuyến khích người chỉnh sửa thống nhất một nội dung, nội dung giữa các bài cùng một chủ đề không bị xung đột nhau.
• Cộng tác dễ dàng bằng cách những người tham gia đóng góp nội dung chỉ cần thảo luận nội dung tại một chỗ, đỡ mất thời gian.

Một vài hạn chế của bản mẫu:

• Chỉnh sửa khó khăn hơn vì bạn phải vào bài viết gốc (bài A) thì mới sửa được nội dung của bài mà bạn đang viết (bài B)
• Giảm thiểu tính chính sác vì đoạn trích (excerpt) của bài viết này không phải lúc nào cũng phù hợp đối với bài viết kia (but see #Refinement using inclusion control)
• Khó kiểm chứng và tuần tra vì những thay đổi này không hiện trong nhật trình chỉnh sửa bài B, mà chỉ hiện mỗi bài A.

This template extends the capabilities of the built-in normal transclusion and labeled section transclusion.

Cách dùng

Cách dùng cơ bản

• {{Excerpt|Page title}} — Transclude the lead section (example)
• {{Excerpt|Page title|Section title}} — Transclude a specific section, excluding any subsections (example)

Thông số

• 1 or article or page — Required. Name of the article or page to transclude. By default the lead section is transcluded (example). If the page contains an infobox, the image and caption of the infobox will be transcluded but not the infobox. Also, templates listed at Module:Excerpt/config will not be transcluded (unless requested explicitly with |templates=, see below).
• 2 or section or fragment — Name of the section to transclude (example) or of the <section> tag to transclude (example). Must be marked with <section begin=Name of the fragment/> and <section end=Name of the fragment/> in the transcluded page. Notice that this template provides other ways of targeting specific fragments of a page without having to resort to section tags.
• only — Elements to transclude. By default all elements are transcluded (except templates blacklisted at Module:Excerpt/config)
  • only=file — Transclude only the first file
  • only=files — Transclude only files (example)
  • only=list — Transclude only the first list
  • only=lists — Transclude only lists
  • only=table — Transclude only the first table
  • only=tables — Transclude only tables (example)
  • only=template — Transclude only the first template
  • only=templates — Transclude only templates
  • only=paragraph — Transclude only the first paragraph
  • only=paragraphs — Transclude only paragraphs
• paragraphs — Paragraphs to transclude. By default all paragraphs are transcluded.
  • paragraphs=0 — Transclude no paragraphs
  • paragraphs=1 — Transclude the first paragraph
  • paragraphs=2 — Transclude the second paragraph
  • paragraphs=1,3 — Transclude the first and third paragraphs
  • paragraphs=1-3 — Transclude the first, second and third paragraphs
  • paragraphs=1-3,5 — Transclude the first, second, third and fifth paragraphs
  • paragraphs=-1 — Transclude all paragraphs except the first
  • paragraphs=-2 — Transclude all paragraphs except the second
  • paragraphs=-1,3 — Transclude all paragraphs except the first and third
  • paragraphs=-1-3 — Transclude all paragraphs except the first, second and third
  • paragraphs=-1-3,5 — Transclude all paragraphs except the first, second, third and fifth
• lists — Lists to transclude. By default all lists are transcluded. Same syntax as when transcluding paragraphs.
• files — Files to transclude. By default all files are transcluded. Same syntax as when transcluding paragraphs, but also:
  • files=A.jpg — Transclude the file named 'A.jpg'
  • files=A.jpg, B.png, C.gif — Transclude the files named 'A.jpg', 'B.png' and 'C.gif'
  • files=.+%.png — Transclude all PNG files
  • files=-A.jpg — Transclude all files except the one named 'A.jpg'
  • files=-A.jpg, B.png, C.gif — Transclude all files except the ones named 'A.jpg', 'B.png' and 'C.gif'
  • files=-.+%.png — Transclude all non-PNG files
• tables — Tables to transclude. By default all tables are transcluded. Same syntax as when transcluding paragraphs, but also:
  • tables=Stats2020 — Transclude the table with id 'Stats2020'
  • tables=Stats2020, Stats2019, Stats2018 — Transclude the tables with ids 'Stats2020', 'Stats2019' and 'Stats2018'
  • tables=-Stats2020 — Transclude all tables except the one with id 'Stats2020'
  • tables=-Stats2020, Stats2019, Stats2018 — Transclude all tables except the ones with ids 'Stats2020', 'Stats2019' and 'Stats2018'
• templates — Templates to transclude. By default all templates are transcluded except those blacklisted at Module:Excerpt/config. Using a hyphen before a comma-delimited list of templates adds those templates to the blacklist.
  • templates=-Ocean — Add the template 'Ocean' to the blacklist
  • templates=-Ocean, Nature — Add the templates 'Ocean' and 'Nature' to the blacklist
  • templates=Infobox person — Ignore the blacklist and transclude the template 'Infobox person'
  • templates=Infobox person, Ocean — Ignore the blacklist and transclude the templates 'Infobox person' and 'Ocean'
  • templates=.* — Ignore the blacklist and transclude all templates
• this — Change the initial text of the hatnote. For example, if the transcluded content is a gallery, you can set this=This gallery is so that the hatnote reads "This gallery is an excerpt from..." (example).
• hat=no — Hide the hatnote "This section is an excerpt from..."
• bold=yes — Preserve bold text.
• quote=yes — Wrap the excerpt with <blockquote> tags.
• inline=yes — Remove the hatnote and wrap the excerpt with <span> tags to use it inside other text.
• references=no — Remove all references.
• subsections=yes — Include subsections of the transcluded section. Notice that if the transclusion is done from a section level 3, and the transcluded subsections are level 3 too, then the transcluded subsections will show with the same hierarchy as the transcluding section, which is probably not desirable, so use with caution.

Replacing Template:Main

How to replace a section for an excerpt.

Sections are often summaries of more precise subpages (generally linked with Template:Main). Sometimes it's convenient to replace the content of such sections for excerpts of the subpages (after merging any valuable content of the section into the subpage). In such cases, an efficient way to proceed is:

1. Open the section in one tab and the subpage in another.
2. Edit both.
3. Copy the text of the section and paste it below the lead section of the subpage.
4. Delete repeated content and adjust using common sense.
5. Save the changes in the subpage with an edit summary like: Bring content from [[Page]].
6. Back to the section, delete all content and replace it for an excerpt of the subpage.
7. Save the changes in the section with an edit summary like: Move content to [[Subpage]] and leave an excerpt.

Refinement using inclusion control

Xem thêm thông tin: Help:Template § Noinclude, includeonly, and onlyinclude

Sometimes, a passage will almost fit for a transclusion, but not quite. In these cases, you can edit the source page to add <noinclude>...</noinclude> tags around content you don't want in the excerpt and <includeonly>...</includeonly> tags around content you want only in the excerpt.

For instance, the page COVID-19 misinformation begins The COVID-19 pandemic has resulted in misinformation.... However, when excerpting this lead to the misinformation section of COVID-19 pandemic, we don't need to specify which pandemic we're referring to. Therefore, the code The <noinclude>[[COVID-19 pandemic]]</noinclude><includeonly>pandemic</includeonly> has resulted in [[misinformation]] can be used at the misinformation page, so that it will appear at the pandemic page as The pandemic has resulted in misinformation....

For pages with a high volume of edits, it may be a good idea to leave a hidden comment explaining why the tags are there, so that no one will be tempted to remove them.

Please note that when the </noinclude> tag is wrapped into a new line, a character next to it would be interpreted as a line beginning. This can lead to some formatting problems. For example, when a </noinclude> at line beginning is succeeded by a whitespace character, the page engine would translate this as a leading space that renders the subsequent paragraph in code block and monospaced font with preserved formatting. For this reason, no spaces should separate the </noinclude> tag from the text it precedes.

Compared to #section

For simple cases of transcluding sections of articles, the {{#section}}, {{#section-x}}, and {{#section-h}} (abbreviated {{#lst}}, {{#lstx}}, and {{#lsth}})) parser functions can be used instead of this template. {{#lsth:article|fragmentname}} will transclude the section of "article" with the header "fragmentname", and {{#lsth:article}} will transclude the lead section of "article". Excerpting only specific paragraphs can be done by marking up the source article with <section begin=fragmentname/>...<section end=fragmentname/> tags and using {{#lst:article|fragmentname}} to transclude those fragments, which is equivalent to using the |fragment=fragmentname parameter with this template. {{#lsth:article|fragmentname}} can also be used to transclude everything but those fragments.

The text will not be trimmed of excess whitespace, there will not be a header (equivalent to |hat=no, and all files, templates, tables, references, and subsections will be included unless the source article is marked up with <section begin=fragmentname/>...<section end=fragmentname/>, <noinclude>...</noinclude>, or <onlyinclude>...</onlyinclude> tags. Self links will appear in bold.

Excerpt trees

Visual representation of an excerpt tree.

When a very general article (like Philosophy) uses excerpts from more specific articles (like Ethics, Metaphysics, Logic, etc), which in turn use excerpts from even more specific articles (like Ontology, Causality, etc), then a tree structure emerges, called an "Excerpt tree".

In this section you can navigate the main excerpt trees on the English Wikipedia. It's useful for editors interested in expanding or improving them. To navigate the trees, click the following button^(S):

//vi.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=B%E1%BA%A3n_m%E1%BA%ABu:Excerpt&withJS=MediaWiki:ExcerptTree.js#Excerpt_trees

• 2021 United States Capitol attack
• Algae
• Africa
• Aquatic ecosystem
• Bangladesh
• Climate change in Africa
• Climate change in South Asia
• Climate justice
• COVID-19 pandemic
• Ecosystem
  • Aquatic ecosystem
• Effects of climate change on humans
• Environmental impact of agriculture
• Eutrophication
• Fishing industry
• Food
• God
  • Existence of God
• Hygiene
• Marine debris
• Middle East
• Ocean
• Plastic pollution
• Public health
• Sanitation
• Sewage
• Sustainable Development Goals
• Tourism
• Wastewater treatment
• Water resources

See also

• Module:Excerpt
• Module:Excerpt/config
• Module:Transcluder
• Help:Transclusion#Drawbacks
• Category:Articles with excerpts, or Articles that link to "Template:Excerpt" (unsorted)
• Category:Articles with broken excerpts
• Help:Labeled section transclusion – A more efficient method for simple section transclusions
• Wikipedia:Transclusion#Selective transclusion – how to transclude one or more sections of an article or project page into another
• Wikipedia:Summary style#Synchronization
• Wikipedia:Manual of Style/Lead section
• Wikipedia:WikiProject Introductions
• {{Transcluded section}} – creates hatnote but does not transclude the section
  • Pages that link to "Template:Transcluded section" (articles) (unsorted)
• {{Transcluding article}} – transcludes one or more entire pages
  • Pages that link to "Template:Transcluding article" (articles) (unsorted)
• meta:Grants:Project/Rapid/Sophivorus/Excerpts - Grant to spread excerpts to various Wikipedias
• meta:Concise Wikipedia - Perennial new project proposal (see the comparison table at the bottom in particular)
• Single source of truth
• Excerpts: Modular and Reusable Content within Wikipedia - Video presentation about excerpts for Wikimania 2021
• {{Transclude lead excerpt}} and {{Transclude linked excerpt}} – templates designed for excerpt transclusion in portals

Template data

This template is used for transcluding part of an article into another article.

Tham số bản mẫu[Quản lý Dữ liệu bản mẫu]

Tham số		Miêu tả	Kiểu	Trạng thái
Article	1 article page	Name of the article or page to transclude Ví dụ Science	Tên trang	bắt buộc
Section	2 section fragment	Name of the section or <section> tag to transclude Ví dụ History	Chuỗi dài	tùy chọn
Only	only	Transclude only this kind of element Ví dụ table	Chuỗi dài	tùy chọn
Paragraphs	paragraphs paragraph	Paragraphs to transclude Ví dụ 1-3,5	Chuỗi dài	tùy chọn
Files	files file	Files to transclude Mặc định 1 Ví dụ 1-3,5	Chuỗi dài	tùy chọn
Tables	tables table	Tables to transclude Ví dụ Stats2020	Chuỗi dài	tùy chọn
Lists	lists list	Lists to transclude Ví dụ 1	Chuỗi dài	tùy chọn
Templates	templates template	Templates to transclude Ví dụ Infobox person	Chuỗi dài	tùy chọn
References	references	Whether to transclude the references Ví dụ no	Luận lý	tùy chọn
Subsections	subsections	Whether to transclude the subsections of the requested section Ví dụ yes	Luận lý	tùy chọn
Hatnote	hat	Whether to include the hatnote Ví dụ no	Luận lý	tùy chọn
This	this	Change the initial text of the hatnote Ví dụ This gallery is	Chuỗi dài	tùy chọn
Inline	inline	Remove the hatnote and wrap the excerpt with <span> tags to use it inside other text Ví dụ yes	Luận lý	tùy chọn
Class	class	Additional CSS class Ví dụ noprint	Chuỗi dài	tùy chọn

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